![](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/612af62f2b4eabe7a80c260371c2d28f6ec737bb96d05d0ddc1c2ce0b24d2d0a1113803781dd255a4ccf7d7fafbbedb060e28d2a6ef3ad506d0ae1d60c455c9e/asset_icons/154a1a573725ff703adc7b86e4a58821c07eb83b61e1e8ff6e5f9f03c280b2a6.png)
VSP/XOF: Convert Vesper (VSP) to West African Cfa Franc (XOF)
1 Vesper equals F CFA 235.69 West African Cfa Franc
Vesper (VSP) is not tradable on Coinbase.
Data is sourced from CoinMarketCap and other third parties. We make no representation on the accuracy of the data provided. Learn more
Last update: 1:43 AM, June 27, 2024
Refresh
Vesper Markets
Vesper is falling this week.
The current price of Vesper is F CFA 235.69 per VSP. With a circulating supply of 9,163,535.937 VSP, it means that Vesper has a total market cap of F CFA 2,159,799,037.65. The amount of Vesper traded has fallen by F CFA 185,580 in the last 24 hours, which is a 92.06% decrease. Additionally, in the last day, F CFA 201,580 worth of VSP has been traded.
Market cap
R$2.2B
Volume (24h)
R$201,580.03
Circulating supply
9.2M VSP
Buy other crypto
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy Onooks
![Logo for Onooks](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/656f9083cc9d639e607b5efdfbe94cb6908a6a0ba8bff1f7bfd7ca772fec9243.png)
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy AXIS Token
![Logo for AXIS Token](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/8ee543fa37c6426f6a12e6c1bbcb6428c253b52adcd4e5e0e3102337887f4454.png)
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy WeFi
![Logo for WeFi](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/48743d062a9588e3e3e5d84983f2d3b9af5f57d66f4574360b9c7dbc53942afc.png)
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy UBXS Token
![Logo for UBXS Token](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/03298e7f84e499300601271d2151af1d8cb23dcfc4a14fb6e6026be25ff185ef.png)
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy Epic Cash
![Logo for Epic Cash](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/86729fbef988bb74ad8e959540e90ea38e7e8d99270b913f83a86e0394eda760326adbd6ad8ec4b701770829d7dadc0b358e8c2e661f2612a354c2d76b19cf5c/asset_icons/4ffa1324199f44b1f7a0b366e94a008ba79a28fb6c12c43413c1b415c233fa05.png)
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy Integritee Network
![Logo for Integritee Network](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/6a42d428cfdd72194900ca03bec9c18c73649a51d38a419bad6955e55b8c82d0.png)
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy Crypterium
![Logo for Crypterium](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/2762d5b668195061ea1f738aedcab9808ef7840d01088ccf916bd90e059d7a11991ba11f715b9f13e171c46bc95c4e236574a05735be83fd62711c447f221b35/asset_icons/d6a5f68a412700d29c55841aa59abd2412edc46b2364e58fa73d273ac78dc110.png)
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy Drawshop Kingdom Reverse
![Logo for Drawshop Kingdom Reverse](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/e54570db8a2740659dc9c40e236d1cb994ef87546ee19d57cdc5a31ceb16ab58.png)
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy ACENT
![Logo for ACENT](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/a87aa9af143bae060f5a2d85f162d340df053b938067275ce24c7966f1553aa8427e0e38fa4f244a2425d0859d8a4286c4d4ac38cb6a3a8c256750bb5abb4112/asset_icons/684b08846547a7e666d12b081fd1a0abcb79ab2e3f6b735cd88e4bad8abc3931.png)
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy v.systems
![Logo for v.systems](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/3871f49c22a5af4dde1a041e9a87665ad9a9e6fc1f74e2508dd584e1dbc6a93aeea80845f145da95f2fdd28798a4bbddddacc9c8eabbce5f15db896f7ade99fd/asset_icons/7236c125a47f40a667f99f7ce3a370c723c08e3dfff9ff686587598ddc2cef8c.png)
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy VinuChain
![Logo for VinuChain](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/e59cec0d8fe6bc515db53388928dc22c45120d3dd85e49ddcb2263986f0384c4.png)
Last Updated Jun 27, 2024
How to Buy MahaDAO
![Logo for MahaDAO](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/d3223a8ffbb342ff763f9dccddadcb3bd1b535bf2ddc39f54ff45fec535405f7.png)
FAQ
How much is 1 Vesper in XOF?
Right now, 1 Vesper is worth about F CFA 235.69.
How much VSP could I buy for 1 XOF?
Based on the current rate, you could get 0.0042 VSP for 1 XOF.
How much has the price of Vesper changed?
Vesper price has been declining. Since yesterday, the exchange rate of Vesper has decreased. Since last month, the exchange rate of Vesper has decreased. Since this time last year, the price of Vesper has increased.
How do I calculate or convert VSP to XOF?
You can use our VSP to XOF calculator at the top of this page to convert any amount of VSP to XOF. We've also created a couple of quick reference tables for the most popular conversions. For example, 5 XOF is equivalent to 0.0212 VSP. Inversely, 5 VSP will cost about 1,178.4576 XOF.
How can I buy 1 Vesper on Coinbase?
Vesper can be custodied on Coinbase Wallet. Check out our guide to get more detailed instructions on how to buy Vesper.
What are assets similar to Vesper that I can buy?
There are a number of crypto assets that have the a similar or comparable market cap to Vesper, including Onooks, AXIS Token, and WeFi. For a more robust list of assets to explore, jump to the asset page dedicated to Vesper.
Conversion tables
The exchange rate of Vesper is decreasing.
The current value of 1 VSP is F CFA 236 XOF. In other words, to buy 5 Vesper, it would cost you F CFA 1,178 XOF. Inversely, F CFA 1 XOF would allow you to trade for 0.0042 VSP while F CFA 50 XOF would convert to 0.2121 VSP, not including platform or gas fees.
In the last 7 days, the exchange rate has increased by 8.82%. Meanwhile, in the last 24 hours, the rate has changed by 9.69%, which means that the the highest exchange rate of 1 VSP to West African Cfa Franc was 0.4262320502171364 XOF and the lowest 24 hour value was 1 VSP for 0.38185958373537787 XOF. This time last month, the value of 1 VSP was F CFA 348 XOF, which is a 32.32% increase from where it is now. Looking back a year, Vesper has changed by -F CFA 85 XOF.
VSP to XOF
Amount | Today at 1:43 am |
---|---|
0.5 VSP | F CFA 117.85 |
1 VSP | F CFA 235.69 |
5 VSP | F CFA 1,178.46 |
10 VSP | F CFA 2,356.92 |
50 VSP | F CFA 11,784.58 |
100 VSP | F CFA 23,569.15 |
500 VSP | F CFA 117,845.76 |
1,000 VSP | F CFA 235,691.51 |
XOF to VSP
Amount | Today at 1:43 am |
---|---|
0.5 XOF | 0.0021 VSP |
1 XOF | 0.0042 VSP |
5 XOF | 0.0212 VSP |
10 XOF | 0.0424 VSP |
50 XOF | 0.21 VSP |
100 XOF | 0.42 VSP |
500 XOF | 2.12 VSP |
1,000 XOF | 4.24 VSP |
Today vs. 24 hours ago
Amount | Today at 1:43 am | 24 hours ago | 24H Change |
---|---|---|---|
0.5 VSP | F CFA 117.85 | F CFA 130.48 | -9.69% |
1 VSP | F CFA 235.69 | F CFA 260.97 | -9.69% |
5 VSP | F CFA 1,178.46 | F CFA 1,304.84 | -9.69% |
10 VSP | F CFA 2,356.92 | F CFA 2,609.68 | -9.69% |
50 VSP | F CFA 11,784.58 | F CFA 13,048.42 | -9.69% |
100 VSP | F CFA 23,569.15 | F CFA 26,096.83 | -9.69% |
500 VSP | F CFA 117,845.76 | F CFA 130,484.16 | -9.69% |
1,000 VSP | F CFA 235,691.51 | F CFA 260,968.32 | -9.69% |
Today vs. 1 month ago
Amount | Today at 1:43 am | 1 months ago | 1M Change |
---|---|---|---|
0.5 VSP | F CFA 117.85 | F CFA 174.12 | -32.32% |
1 VSP | F CFA 235.69 | F CFA 348.24 | -32.32% |
5 VSP | F CFA 1,178.46 | F CFA 1,741.18 | -32.32% |
10 VSP | F CFA 2,356.92 | F CFA 3,482.35 | -32.32% |
50 VSP | F CFA 11,784.58 | F CFA 17,411.76 | -32.32% |
100 VSP | F CFA 23,569.15 | F CFA 34,823.52 | -32.32% |
500 VSP | F CFA 117,845.76 | F CFA 174,117.61 | -32.32% |
1,000 VSP | F CFA 235,691.51 | F CFA 348,235.22 | -32.32% |
Today vs. 1 year ago
Amount | Today at 1:43 am | 1 year ago | 1Y Change |
---|---|---|---|
0.5 VSP | F CFA 117.85 | F CFA 75.24 | +56.64% |
1 VSP | F CFA 235.69 | F CFA 150.47 | +56.64% |
5 VSP | F CFA 1,178.46 | F CFA 752.36 | +56.64% |
10 VSP | F CFA 2,356.92 | F CFA 1,504.71 | +56.64% |
50 VSP | F CFA 11,784.58 | F CFA 7,523.56 | +56.64% |
100 VSP | F CFA 23,569.15 | F CFA 15,047.12 | +56.64% |
500 VSP | F CFA 117,845.76 | F CFA 75,235.61 | +56.64% |
1,000 VSP | F CFA 235,691.51 | F CFA 150,471.22 | +56.64% |
Explore More
Discover conversions
A selection of conversions from different assets to top cryptocurrencies.
A selection of conversions for different assets and currencies.
Popular Vesper conversions
A selection of other popular currency conversions of Vesper to various fiat currencies.
Vesper to USD
![Logo for Vesper](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/612af62f2b4eabe7a80c260371c2d28f6ec737bb96d05d0ddc1c2ce0b24d2d0a1113803781dd255a4ccf7d7fafbbedb060e28d2a6ef3ad506d0ae1d60c455c9e/asset_icons/154a1a573725ff703adc7b86e4a58821c07eb83b61e1e8ff6e5f9f03c280b2a6.png)
Vesper to CAD
![Logo for Vesper](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/612af62f2b4eabe7a80c260371c2d28f6ec737bb96d05d0ddc1c2ce0b24d2d0a1113803781dd255a4ccf7d7fafbbedb060e28d2a6ef3ad506d0ae1d60c455c9e/asset_icons/154a1a573725ff703adc7b86e4a58821c07eb83b61e1e8ff6e5f9f03c280b2a6.png)
Vesper to GBP
![Logo for Vesper](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/612af62f2b4eabe7a80c260371c2d28f6ec737bb96d05d0ddc1c2ce0b24d2d0a1113803781dd255a4ccf7d7fafbbedb060e28d2a6ef3ad506d0ae1d60c455c9e/asset_icons/154a1a573725ff703adc7b86e4a58821c07eb83b61e1e8ff6e5f9f03c280b2a6.png)
Vesper to JPY
![Logo for Vesper](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/612af62f2b4eabe7a80c260371c2d28f6ec737bb96d05d0ddc1c2ce0b24d2d0a1113803781dd255a4ccf7d7fafbbedb060e28d2a6ef3ad506d0ae1d60c455c9e/asset_icons/154a1a573725ff703adc7b86e4a58821c07eb83b61e1e8ff6e5f9f03c280b2a6.png)
Vesper to INR
![Logo for Vesper](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/612af62f2b4eabe7a80c260371c2d28f6ec737bb96d05d0ddc1c2ce0b24d2d0a1113803781dd255a4ccf7d7fafbbedb060e28d2a6ef3ad506d0ae1d60c455c9e/asset_icons/154a1a573725ff703adc7b86e4a58821c07eb83b61e1e8ff6e5f9f03c280b2a6.png)
Vesper to BRL
![Logo for Vesper](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/612af62f2b4eabe7a80c260371c2d28f6ec737bb96d05d0ddc1c2ce0b24d2d0a1113803781dd255a4ccf7d7fafbbedb060e28d2a6ef3ad506d0ae1d60c455c9e/asset_icons/154a1a573725ff703adc7b86e4a58821c07eb83b61e1e8ff6e5f9f03c280b2a6.png)
Vesper to EUR
![Logo for Vesper](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/612af62f2b4eabe7a80c260371c2d28f6ec737bb96d05d0ddc1c2ce0b24d2d0a1113803781dd255a4ccf7d7fafbbedb060e28d2a6ef3ad506d0ae1d60c455c9e/asset_icons/154a1a573725ff703adc7b86e4a58821c07eb83b61e1e8ff6e5f9f03c280b2a6.png)
Vesper to NGN
![Logo for Vesper](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/612af62f2b4eabe7a80c260371c2d28f6ec737bb96d05d0ddc1c2ce0b24d2d0a1113803781dd255a4ccf7d7fafbbedb060e28d2a6ef3ad506d0ae1d60c455c9e/asset_icons/154a1a573725ff703adc7b86e4a58821c07eb83b61e1e8ff6e5f9f03c280b2a6.png)
Vesper to KRW
![Logo for Vesper](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/612af62f2b4eabe7a80c260371c2d28f6ec737bb96d05d0ddc1c2ce0b24d2d0a1113803781dd255a4ccf7d7fafbbedb060e28d2a6ef3ad506d0ae1d60c455c9e/asset_icons/154a1a573725ff703adc7b86e4a58821c07eb83b61e1e8ff6e5f9f03c280b2a6.png)
Vesper to SGD
![Logo for Vesper](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/612af62f2b4eabe7a80c260371c2d28f6ec737bb96d05d0ddc1c2ce0b24d2d0a1113803781dd255a4ccf7d7fafbbedb060e28d2a6ef3ad506d0ae1d60c455c9e/asset_icons/154a1a573725ff703adc7b86e4a58821c07eb83b61e1e8ff6e5f9f03c280b2a6.png)
Popular cryptocurrencies
Here is a selection of cryptocurrencies in the top 12 by market cap.
![Logo for Onooks](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/656f9083cc9d639e607b5efdfbe94cb6908a6a0ba8bff1f7bfd7ca772fec9243.png)
Onooks
![Logo for AXIS Token](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/8ee543fa37c6426f6a12e6c1bbcb6428c253b52adcd4e5e0e3102337887f4454.png)
AXIS Token
![Logo for WeFi](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/48743d062a9588e3e3e5d84983f2d3b9af5f57d66f4574360b9c7dbc53942afc.png)
WeFi
![Logo for UBXS Token](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/03298e7f84e499300601271d2151af1d8cb23dcfc4a14fb6e6026be25ff185ef.png)
UBXS Token
![Logo for Epic Cash](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/86729fbef988bb74ad8e959540e90ea38e7e8d99270b913f83a86e0394eda760326adbd6ad8ec4b701770829d7dadc0b358e8c2e661f2612a354c2d76b19cf5c/asset_icons/4ffa1324199f44b1f7a0b366e94a008ba79a28fb6c12c43413c1b415c233fa05.png)
Epic Cash
![Logo for Integritee Network](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/6a42d428cfdd72194900ca03bec9c18c73649a51d38a419bad6955e55b8c82d0.png)
Integritee Network
![Logo for Crypterium](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/2762d5b668195061ea1f738aedcab9808ef7840d01088ccf916bd90e059d7a11991ba11f715b9f13e171c46bc95c4e236574a05735be83fd62711c447f221b35/asset_icons/d6a5f68a412700d29c55841aa59abd2412edc46b2364e58fa73d273ac78dc110.png)
Crypterium
![Logo for Drawshop Kingdom Reverse](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/e54570db8a2740659dc9c40e236d1cb994ef87546ee19d57cdc5a31ceb16ab58.png)
Drawshop Kingdom Reverse
![Logo for ACENT](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/a87aa9af143bae060f5a2d85f162d340df053b938067275ce24c7966f1553aa8427e0e38fa4f244a2425d0859d8a4286c4d4ac38cb6a3a8c256750bb5abb4112/asset_icons/684b08846547a7e666d12b081fd1a0abcb79ab2e3f6b735cd88e4bad8abc3931.png)
ACENT
![Logo for v.systems](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/3871f49c22a5af4dde1a041e9a87665ad9a9e6fc1f74e2508dd584e1dbc6a93aeea80845f145da95f2fdd28798a4bbddddacc9c8eabbce5f15db896f7ade99fd/asset_icons/7236c125a47f40a667f99f7ce3a370c723c08e3dfff9ff686587598ddc2cef8c.png)
v.systems
![Logo for VinuChain](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/e59cec0d8fe6bc515db53388928dc22c45120d3dd85e49ddcb2263986f0384c4.png)
VinuChain
![Logo for MahaDAO](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/d3223a8ffbb342ff763f9dccddadcb3bd1b535bf2ddc39f54ff45fec535405f7.png)
MahaDAO
Discover ENS Profiles
Navigate the world of Ethereum Name Service (ENS) profiles on profile.coinbase.com. Check out some of the most popular ENS profiles below.
alexcgbans.eth
hamedghodrati.eth
aamandita.eth
nezuko.eth
gmprophet.eth
nftgoat.eth
aboutmoney.eth
megaman.eth
naweed.eth
khurram.eth
jpgjeff.eth
replyguyy.eth
Discover more assets
A selection of other relevant cryptocurrencies
![Logo for Decentralized Social](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/f34603bbe11aecd853d794a3e650bba5e004fca33f98599b5bd2b7b9c8cdd0640e9dbb0c42d4f8d2bffb2fbb61eaa635855161e32b7b268b69452718f95b78ed/asset_icons/8787e2edc6b7256d1d323cd32be24f8cf36a2dbb889c4318375d07635270e48b.png)
Decentralized Social to the XOF
![Logo for Civic](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/4b2384d50867dc6984a4fd96e62548f1a1a86c9bb4f90ed93b2a8795238c53f7c67768ddda5860a24fdfbf4e041b8fe16d32fdc2e893da131024c57f019821e3/asset_icons/748af2ecb578424b712a0498ec4653bd336db3d462479496f376e5e958df08db.png)
Civic to the XOF
![Logo for Galxe](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/e55a82675e8de17ca2d37165a565c2b6e210c000a282420caa1a4e59187712d17aab4e8c34a503596c024c79438e66bf0b7ca457b69ba59475772205c2924d30/asset_icons/6694994cce300e1d18c6ff93a055a9c512b64f45e0cb768ea3e260364e129f89.png)
Galxe to the XOF
![Logo for Jito](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/d53266873e1dee4508f028a67f53107256435667fa5a79c9ba28b68a54bb03ac.png)
Jito to the XOF
![Logo for Velodrome Finance](https://asset-metadata-service-production.s3.amazonaws.com/asset_icons/f61c887898ac0902737bba0f4d5d460bd1b64247c34e6bf7b506052d39b1adf9.png)
Velodrome Finance to the XOF
![Logo for ApeCoin](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/71d2a21895c80ade641c5e18d1cf2f7fa9c9ab47775ee6e771c98d51bd97419c9041dfb7c661f125a7f663ab7653534c16dca476dacb340197750ce378926c36/asset_icons/c23c607a3e4479ff21f66cfece0e096d673f847c46b873329ac1760dd72dc0a2.png)
ApeCoin to the XOF
![Logo for Crypto.com Coin](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/b9cca547a64af22552489abd90e6aef1beda7a7891e4db2d2e622b3d892da1bd6d92b7bf8f96daefc9f49a239b9c257a9067d4c553e7e6845249e31ac683e52e/asset_icons/e54f79cc0e1915d2d49be224372e5bd33ac7c140bf8878e2d92d8beb7e5cb8b2.png)
Crypto.com Coin to the XOF
![Logo for Onyxcoin](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/9b747cccdcf87b2acc6bc11a31b6dfe39f834fa7c920ffde427c73d35a2620c5cc3856191ea9309bea4d0e79a02ae3153bdd4787aad30868ffdfae75c74cc733/asset_icons/fd26615b0957f8c673cb629a8546fa90f1adc5eb651610e638cfcf56833dbdd7.png)
Onyxcoin to the XOF
![Logo for Filecoin](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/2bbc4131cbc45d77e1732e3f733c6d80a2bc9e514e85344cb517d59660b79e5b7377ed5e28a924f5ed750ef2c1b0718d3ef3f2504a6b0a1f6efd3d789ebf71bd/asset_icons/da7c0257d0caecc0e09e6fdd7e37c8eb23f7688329c58affd2157147f0529573.png)
Filecoin to the XOF
![Logo for Orca](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/dd05661e865e97a78942d6684aa1a90cb28db91e48d33942714f395e75a1a2344ed577d0228d0cae4be2f6e74af774479bbf1c7c1690f13c9f0a1c87dd684efc/asset_icons/49435e1926043887024ed42b2dd3c3a07b096bf08f419d40e22555b9d953ec32.png)
Orca to the XOF
![Logo for Pluton](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/48008fa0b7bc354bcd3b87e6535ca0ac1b866e87b3445d2ca5730b3bfac5457b58eac774cf508b8f6b6818c24012818821308fe00f2555c729d5cfae068b8fee/asset_icons/eb03ba7582755c2ef7edda1d0992df6603a310417e761390c18ffd19b7fada3b.png)
Pluton to the XOF
![Logo for Gitcoin](https://dynamic-assets.coinbase.com/29e8f9e8fdb2c5b057eb88e522d4610bc130c9a25fff5a60dad5f304c3cbd1f7e9dee0bce5820ca2f4b7e0d4f1ba5e6184f1ce2cd78c67cc208e468d14468758/asset_icons/f1bd892ac41a8927d5923aa08163f7476799f1e0d78732e19790435079281e15.png)
Gitcoin to the XOF
This content is being provided to you for informational purposes only, does not constitute an offer, or solicitation of an offer nor a recommendation by Coinbase to buy, sell, or hold any security, financial product, or instrument referenced in the content, and does not constitute investment advice, financial advice, trading advice, or any other sort of advice. Data presented may reflect asset prices traded on the Coinbase exchange as well as other cryptocurrency exchanges and market data platform. Coinbase may charge fees for the processing of cryptocurrency transactions which may not be reflected in the conversion prices displayed. Coinbase is not liable for any errors or delays in content, or for any actions taken in reliance on any content.